They are those used to separate or retract a cavity or an organ during the surgical procedure and in turn are those that keep the tissues or organs out of the area where the surgeon is working to give a better view of the operating field. They can be manual or automatic.

manuals

Instrumental which is functionally maintaining human strength in these, such as:

• Senn miller

• Farabeuf  They are inside a large family of instruments, the surgical separators. These instruments help us, as the name suggests, to separate the tissues and have easy access to the surgical area, protect the tissues adjacent to it, and achieve good visibility (Topqualitydent 2008).

• Richardson  It is a multipurpose instrument that serves to widen the edges of wounds and incisions, pull tissue, and move it away from the surgical site.

• Deaver

malleable valves

gynecological valves.

Self-static or fixed:

They are usually located within the abdominal cavity and fixed using valves, they are generally articulated:

Abdominal Balfour retractor

Gosset’s Retractor (O’Sullivan, O’Connor, Gynecology)

Finochieto retractor (Chest and gynecology)

Within automatics, we find a select group delimited to be used for thyroid surgeries, neurosurgery, mastectomies, arteriovenous fistulas, and pacemakers:

Gelpy separator

Mastoid Retractor

Weitlaner’s separator

Belkman Adson Separator